USSR Industry

In pre-revolutionary Russia, the level of technical equipment of production was very low, which ensured the constant strong dependence of the country's economy on foreign capital. Industrial production was produced almost 10 times less than in America, 4 times less than in Germany and 3 times less than in England.

Immediately after the revolution, the industrial production of the country was nationalized, but the devastating years of the Civil War provided the industry of the young state with a significant decline.

Compared with 1913, the volume of industrial production decreased by 7 times. But, having recovered from the devastating wars, by 1926 the Soviet industry returned to its previous indicators, and already in 1929 more than 2,000 large state-owned industrial enterprises were built and restored on the territory of the country.

Since 1929, the further development of industrial sectors took place according to five-year plans, solving the main task of the country - industrialization. To strengthen the defense capability and economic independence of the state, it became necessary to create a powerful heavy industry.

In the years of the five-year plans before the 2nd World War, industries such as:

• automotive industry;
• production of tractors;
• heavy engineering;
• power engineering;
• aviation industry;
• machine tool building;
• chemical production;
• the metallurgical industry was reconstructed.

In 1941, with the beginning of the war, the entire industry was reorganized in a short time to provide for the front. Enterprises were evacuated to the east, their work did not stop day and night. The restoration of industry to the level of the pre-war period was the main task of the 4th peaceful five-year plan. But by 1948, the level and indicators of industrial production were not only restored, but also increased by almost 20%.

The decade from 1950 to 1960 was marked by the emergence of 6,200 new industrial enterprises, as well as new industries that contributed to the technical re-equipment of the entire national economy. The latest achievements of science have already made it possible to dream about space. The radio-electronic industry and the development of rocket science made it possible to launch an artificial satellite of the earth, fly around and photograph the moon, and launch the first spacecraft with animals on board. In the 60s, the production of equipment for the newest industry - nuclear energy began.

During the period of developed socialism, in the 70s, the USSR had 47 thousand different industrial productions. Over the years, the industry has undergone structural changes, the level of technical equipment has steadily increased, and the industries that ensured this technical progress have developed especially rapidly.

Until the collapse of the Soviet Union, the share of industrial products in the world market was 20%, and Soviet industrial production occupied the second position in the list of world industrial powers, second only to the United States in these indicators .

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